Laos holds a significant position on the Indochinese Peninsula and in the Southeast Asian region, and was one of the key hotspots of intense confrontation among major powers during the Cold War. Consequently, the war waged by the United States in Laos was extremely fierce. Across Laos, battles took place in many areas, among which the Plain of Jars - Xieng Khuang was one of the most intense battlegrounds. Based on an analysis of the strategic position of the Plain of Jars - Xieng Khuang, this article focuses on presenting the developments of the fighting in this battlefield during the years 1969-1972 and its impacts on the situation in Laos. At the same time, the article also contributes to clarifying the special relationship between Vietnam and Laos.