The Nguyen Huy family in Truong Luu village (Can Loc district, Ha Tinh province) is a distinguished lineage that produced many notable historical figures across various fields, including politics, diplomacy, scholarship, education, culture, literature, history, geography, and medicine. According to existing records, from the mid-17th century to the early 20th century, sixteen scholars of the family compiled numerous Sino-Nom works of significant value. The content of these works offers multi-dimensional reflections on Vietnamese history and culture in general, while vividly illustrating the scholarly and cultural activities of the Nguyen Huy family authors in particular. Remarkably, some of these works contain important information related to Vietnam’s maritime and island sovereignty. This study focuses on analyzing the value of several Nguyen Huy family documents related to the establishment of Vietnam’s maritime and island sovereignty, notably Quảng Thuận đạo sử tập, Bắc dư tập lãm, Tính lý toản yếu, and Quốc sử toản yếu. Through this analysis, the paper presents observations and assessments of the historical, academic, and legal significance of these documents to the process of establishing and safeguarding Vietnam’s maritime and island sovereignty in the contemporary context.