Economic is the greatest and most dynamic sector of the particularly extensive strategic relationship between Vietnam and Japan. In this sector, commercial cooperation plays an important role. The paper focused on analyzing the fundament of the Vietnam -Japan trade cooperation relationship (2008-2020) to reconstruct the reality of the relationship in terms of scale and structure of goods exchanges during the research period. Based on this analysis, the paper has made comments and suggested solutions to develop trade relations between the two countries in the coming time.