Against the backdrop of the national digital transformation strategy, which has had a significant impact on various aspects of life, particularly education, fostering students’ digital autonomy and responsibility competence is considered an essential goal. Using a case study approach at Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, expert opinions in the field of educational sciences were surveyed through a questionnaire, and the collected data were analyzed. The results showed that the survey instrument achieved a very high level of reliability. The findings affirm that the development of digital autonomy and responsibility competence constitutes a core foundation that enables students to adapt effectively to cyberspace. The study identifies a system of factors influencing the development of digital autonomy and responsibility competence among students, thereby providing a scientific basis for universities to implement coordinated and modern pedagogical solutions to enhance the quality of education and training in the context of digital transformation.