This article analyzes the current situation and proposes solutions for developing library staff at Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City through a competency-based approach in the context of higher education reform and digital transformation. The study employed a descriptive research design combining quantitative and qualitative methods, with survey data collected from 82 participants, including 64 library staff members and 18 managers. In addition, interviews, field observations, and document analysis were conducted. The findings indicate that library staff possess relatively strong competencies in fundamental areas such as foundational knowledge, information technology, soft skills, and information literacy. However, strategic and academic competencies, including research and knowledge transfer, leadership and management, library service communication, research support, and data management, remain limited. Workforce planning, recruitment, deployment, professional development, and performance evaluation have been implemented; nevertheless, these activities have not yet functioned as an integrated competency development system, particularly in job position analysis, competency gap identification, and the use of evaluation results for designing training and development programs. Based on theories of competency-based human resource management, regulations on job positions, and the findings of the situational analysis, the article proposes five groups of solutions to develop library staff capable of meeting the requirements of modern academic libraries.