This article analyzes Nguyen Dynasty cadastral records of the rural communities of Van Lai, An Lac, and Long Sung (present-day Thuan Minh Commune, Thanh Hoa Province), compiled in Minh Mang 13 (1832) and Minh Mang 15 (1834). This area constituted the “ancestral homeland” of the Le dynasty and served as a political and economic stronghold of the Le-Trinh regime, and it was profoundly affected by the complex political and social transformations during the transition from the late Le to the early Nguyen period. Based on independent processing and standardization of cadastral data, combined with historical, statistical, and comparative research methods, the study examines key aspects of rural communities in Thuan Minh in the early nineteenth century, including administrative scale, village-level governance structures, and patterns of land ownership and distribution. The findings contribute to a clearer reconstruction of the socio-economic landscape of Thuan Minh during the early decades of the Nguyen dynasty under the reign of Emperor Minh Mang, while also providing additional sources and analytical perspectives for studies of rural communities and land administration in Thanh Hoa Province and Vietnam more broadly.