That Phu Co Mieu is a representative heritage site of the ethnic Chinese community in Cu Lao Pho, closely associated with the emergence of Nong Nai Dai Pho in the late seventeenth century. This article examines the establishment and restoration of the temple and its role in community life. The study combines historical research and historical archaeology, comparing historical texts with Han-Nom inscriptions, artifacts, archival records, and field survey data. Available sources indicate 1684 as the earliest known date for the establishment of That Phu Co Mieu. Although the temple has undergone several restorations, it retains notable architectural and religious values. Cross-checking these sources helps verify accounts of the temple’s establishment and restoration and clarifies the roles of community representatives and donors in maintaining the temple across generations. This provides a clearer understanding of the place of That Phu Co Mieu in the history of Cu Lao Pho and a basis for proposing directions for the conservation and promotion of its heritage values within the cultural landscape of the area.