Outward investment policy has been an important part of China's reform and opening-up since 1978. However, it has really made major breakthroughs since China stepped up the implementation of its “going out” strategy in the early years of the twenty-first century. Through preferential policies and measures on tax, financial and monetary reform, aid to countries, establishment of an investment support fund, and reform of administrative procedures, China is constantly expanding its investment to foreign countries, becoming one of the world’s leading countries in this field. China's investment development strategy has had a certain impact on Vietnam - China economic relations in the period 2010-2020. It has contributed to promoting Chinese investment in Vietnam, enhancing trade cooperation between the two countries; but on the other hand, it also makes the trade balance unbalanced, causing some limitations and inadequacies in the process of Chinese investment in Vietnam.