Developing phonological awareness for preschoolers is a new focus area mentioned for the first time in the Draft National Standards for 5-year-old Children's Development and the Draft Early Childhood Education Program proposed by the Ministry of Education and Training. To provide a comprehensive and thorough assessment of the significance of phonological awareness in Early Childhood Education, as a basis for supporting the development of the new Early Childhood Education Program, this study employs a literature synthesis approach to clarifies the concept of phonological awareness within the structure of children's language skills and its role in preparing them for reading. Additionally, the study also describes and analyzes the manifestations of phonological awareness education content in the Draft National Standards for 5-year-old children's development and the Draft new Early Childhood Education Curriculum, then positions the teaching content on the developmental trajectory of children's phonological awareness. Based on this analysis, solutions are proposed to promote the systematization of this content in the new program, aiming to enhance the quality of educational activities designed to foster phonological awareness in preschoolers.