Higher education plays an important role in socio-economic development, national security and defence of Vietnam, and acts as an important factor in the global competitiveness of Vietnam. This article aims to analyze and assess the global competitiveness of the Vietnamese higher education through its ranking position in the regional and international higher education systems as well as its attractiveness to international students. Based on this, three solutions to increase the global competitiveness of the Vietnamese higher education system are proposed as follows include: (i) Improvement of the awareness of the global competitiveness in higher education; (ii) Determination of the vision on development of the Vietnamese competitiveness to improve the higher education system; (iii) Building the strategy to increase the competitiveness of the Vietnamese higher education system.